Personality
Attachment Styles — How We Learned to Love and Fear Closeness
Attachment theory describes four patterns — secure, anxious, avoidant, and fearful-avoidant — formed in early relationships and replayed in adult love. A guide to the styles, their research foundation in Bowlby and Ainsworth, and their striking convergence with the Sanskrit psychology of rāga and dveṣa.
DISC — The Four Behavioral Styles and Their Roots in the Four Humors
DISC sorts behavior into four styles — Dominance, Influence, Steadiness, and Conscientiousness — along two axes of pace and priority. A guide to the model, its descent from William Moulton Marston's 1928 theory, and the historical line that runs from the classical four humors straight into the Ayurvedic doṣa and element scheme.
HEXACO — The Six-Factor Model and the Honesty-Humility Dimension
Kibeom Lee and Michael Ashton's HEXACO model rebuilds personality from cross-language lexical studies and recovers a sixth factor the Big Five misses: Honesty-Humility. A guide to the six dimensions, what changed in Emotionality and Agreeableness, and the model's striking convergence with the yamas of yogic ethics.
Keirsey Temperaments — The Four Patterns Beneath the Sixteen Types
David Keirsey's four temperaments — Artisan, Guardian, Idealist, and Rational — regroup the sixteen MBTI types around what people fundamentally need. A guide to the model, its roots in the classical four temperaments, and its convergence with the four aims of life in Indian thought.
The 16 MBTI Personality Types — Jung's Map, Made Practical
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator sorts personality into sixteen types across four dimensions, building on Carl Jung's theory of psychological types. A guide to the framework, its honest limits, and how Jung's own deep engagement with Eastern thought makes it a natural bridge to the doshas and gunas.
The Big Five Personality Traits (OCEAN) — The Research Standard
The Big Five — Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism — is the most empirically validated model in personality psychology. A guide to the five dimensions, why researchers trust it, and how it converges with the doshas and gunas of Indian constitutional thought.
The Enneagram — Nine Types, Nine Core Motivations
The Enneagram maps nine personality types, each organized around a core fear and desire, arranged on a nine-pointed figure with dynamic lines of growth and stress. A guide to the system, its modern and contested origins, and how its passions converge with the kleshas of yogic psychology.